SQL in 10 Minutes a Day, Sams Teach Yourself

Description

Whether you’re an application developer, database administrator, web application designer, mobile app developer, or Microsoft Office users, a good working knowledge of SQL is an important part of interacting with databases. And Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes offers the straightforward, practical answers you need to help you do your job.

Expert trainer and popular author Ben Forta teaches you just the parts of SQL you need to know–starting with simple data retrieval and quickly going on to more complex topics including the use of joins, subqueries, stored procedures, cursors, triggers, and table constraints.

You’ll learn methodically, systematically, and simply–in short, quick lessons that will each take only 10 minutes or less to complete.

• New coverage of cloud-based SQL databases like Amazon Aurora Database, Microsoft Azure Cloud Database, and Google Cloud SQL
• Updated examples work with the latest versions of Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL, and PostgreSQL
• Full-color SQL code listings help the beginner clearly see the elements and structure of the language
• Web Edition provides an online learning environment with interactive quizzes and exercises
• This edition also features a “Challenge” section after each lesson — a single page with queries and statements for readers to try and figure out. Some may describe a problem in English and readers would need to turn that into code, or it may show output and challenge them to write code that produces it, and so on.

Updated edition of Ben Forta’s best-selling SQL tutorial, the clear, super quick, easy-to-understand guide for new SQL users

• New full-color SQL code listings help the beginner clearly see the elements and structure of the language
• Fast access to instructions for every common task, plus reliable, concise answers to the most widely asked questions
• Organized into lessons that distill the most crucial information on each SQL topic
• Tips and cautions point out shortcuts, solutions, and help readers avoid common pitfalls.

• New full-color SQL code listings help the beginner clearly see the elements and structure of the language
• Fast access to instructions for every common task, plus reliable, concise answers to the most widely asked questions
• Organized into lessons that distill the most crucial information on each SQL topic
• Tips and cautions point out shortcuts, solutions, and help readers avoid common pitfalls.

Ben Forta is Adobe’s Senior Director of Education Initiatives and has three decades of experience in the computer industry in product development, support, training, and product marketing. He is the author of the best-selling Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes (including spinoff titles on MariaDB, MySQL, SQL Server T-SQL, and Oracle PL/SQL), Learning Regular Expressions, as well as books on Java, Windows, and more. He has extensive experience in database design and development, has implemented databases for several highly successful commercial software programs and websites, and is a frequent lecturer and columnist on application development and Internet technologies. Ben lives in Oak Park, Michigan, with his wife, Marcy, and their children. He welcomes your email at ben@forta.com and invites you to visit his website at http://forta.com.
    

Introduction 1
    Who Is the Teach Yourself SQL Book For? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
    DBMSs Covered in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
    Conventions Used in This Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1 Understanding SQL 5
    Database Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
    What Is SQL? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
    Try It Yourself . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2 Retrieving Data 13
    The SELECT Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
    Retrieving Individual Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
    Retrieving Multiple Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
    Retrieving All Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
    Retrieving Distinct Rows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
    Limiting Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
    Using Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3 Sorting Retrieved Data 25
    Sorting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
    Sorting by Multiple Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
    Sorting by Column Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
    Specifying Sort Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4 Filtering Data 33
    Using the WHERE Clause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
    The WHERE Clause Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5 Advanced Data Filtering 41
    Combining WHERE Clauses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
    Using the IN Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
    Using the NOT Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
6 Using Wildcard Filtering 51
    Using the LIKE Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
    Tips for Using Wildcards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
7 Creating Calculated Fields 59
    Understanding Calculated Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
    Concatenating Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
    Performing Mathematical Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
8 Using Data Manipulation Functions 69
    Understanding Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
    Using Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
9 Summarizing Data 79
    Using Aggregate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
    Aggregates on Distinct Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
    Combining Aggregate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
10 Grouping Data 89
    Understanding Data Grouping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
    Creating Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
    Filtering Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
    Grouping and Sorting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
    SELECT Clause Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
11 Working with Subqueries 99
    Understanding Subqueries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
    Filtering by Subquery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
    Using Subqueries as Calculated Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
12 Joining Tables 107
    Understanding Joins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
    Creating a Join . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
13 Creating Advanced Joins 117
    Using Table Aliases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
    Using Different Join Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
    Using Joins with Aggregate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
    Using Joins and Join Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
14 Combining Queries 127
    Understanding Combined Queries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
    Creating Combined Queries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
15 Inserting Data 135
    Understanding Data Insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
    Copying from One Table to Another . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
16 Updating and Deleting Data 145
    Updating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
    Deleting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
    Guidelines for Updating and Deleting Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
17 Creating and Manipulating Tables 151
    Creating Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
    Updating Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
    Deleting Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
    Renaming Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
18 Using Views 161
    Understanding Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
    Creating Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
    Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
19 Working with Stored Procedures 171
    Understanding Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
    Understanding Why to Use Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
    Executing Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
    Creating Stored Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
20 Managing Transaction Processing 179
    Understanding Transaction Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
    Controlling Transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
21 Using Cursors 187
    Understanding Cursors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
    Working with Cursors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
22 Understanding Advanced SQL Features 193
    Understanding Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
    Understanding Indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
    Understanding Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
    Database Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
    Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
A Sample Table Scripts 203
B SQL Statement Syntax 209
C Using SQL Datatypes 215
D SQL Reserved Words 221
TOC, 9780135182796, 10/9/19

Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 10 Minutes offers straightforward, practical answers when you need fast results.

By working through the book’s 22 lessons of 10 minutes or less, students will learn what they need to know to take advantage of the SQL language.

Lessons cover IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server and SQL Server Express, MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle and Oracle express, PostgreSQL, and SQLite.

Full-color code examples help you understand how SQL statements are structured
Tips point out shortcuts and solutions
Cautions help you avoid common pitfalls
Notes explain additional concepts, and provide additional information

10 minutes is all students need to learn how to…

• Use the major SQL statements
• Construct complex SQL statements using multiple clauses and
• operators
• Retrieve, sort, and format database contents
• Pinpoint the data you need using a variety of filtering techniques
• Use aggregate functions to summarize data
• Join two or more related tables
• Insert, update, and delete data
• Create and alter database tables
• Work with views, stored procedures, and more

Additional information